Binary Tree Tilt Problem
Description
LeetCode Problem 563.
Given the root of a binary tree, return the sum of every tree node’s tilt.
The tilt of a tree node is the absolute difference between the sum of all left subtree node values and all right subtree node values. If a node does not have a left child, then the sum of the left subtree node values is treated as 0. The rule is similar if there the node does not have a right child.
Example 1:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Input: root = [1,2,3]
Output: 1
Explanation:
Tilt of node 2 : |0-0| = 0 (no children)
Tilt of node 3 : |0-0| = 0 (no children)
Tilt of node 1 : |2-3| = 1 (left subtree is just left child, so sum is 2; right subtree is just right child, so sum is 3)
Sum of every tilt : 0 + 0 + 1 = 1
Example 2:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Input: root = [4,2,9,3,5,null,7]
Output: 15
Explanation:
Tilt of node 3 : |0-0| = 0 (no children)
Tilt of node 5 : |0-0| = 0 (no children)
Tilt of node 7 : |0-0| = 0 (no children)
Tilt of node 2 : |3-5| = 2 (left subtree is just left child, so sum is 3; right subtree is just right child, so sum is 5)
Tilt of node 9 : |0-7| = 7 (no left child, so sum is 0; right subtree is just right child, so sum is 7)
Tilt of node 4 : |(3+5+2)-(9+7)| = |10-16| = 6 (left subtree values are 3, 5, and 2, which sums to 10; right subtree values are 9 and 7, which sums to 16)
Sum of every tilt : 0 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 7 + 6 = 15
Example 3:
1
2
Input: root = [21,7,14,1,1,2,2,3,3]
Output: 9
Constraints:
- The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0, 10^4].
- -1000 <= Node.val <= 1000
Sample C++ Code using Depth-First Search
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
class Solution {
public:
int tiltSum = 0;
int findTilt(TreeNode* root) {
DFS(root);
return tiltSum;
}
int DFS(TreeNode* root) {
if (!root) return 0;
int leftSum = DFS(root -> left); // sum of left subtree
int rightSum = DFS(root -> right); // sum of right subtree
tiltSum += abs(leftSum - rightSum); // add tilt of current node to overall tiltSum
return leftSum + rightSum + root -> val; // returns sum of subtree starting at 'root'
}
};