Super Pow Problem
Description
LeetCode Problem 372.
Your task is to calculate a^b mod 1337 where a is a positive integer and b is an extremely large positive integer given in the form of an array.
Example 1:
1
2
Input: a = 2, b = [3]
Output: 8
Example 2:
1
2
Input: a = 2, b = [1,0]
Output: 1024
Example 3:
1
2
Input: a = 1, b = [4,3,3,8,5,2]
Output: 1
Example 4:
1
2
Input: a = 2147483647, b = [2,0,0]
Output: 1198
Constraints:
- 1 <= a <= 2^31 - 1
- 1 <= b.length <= 2000
- 0 <= b[i] <= 9
- b doesn’t contain leading zeros.
Sample C++ Code
We know that (a * b) % k = ((a % k) * (b % k)) % k.
For example, (a^1234567) % k = ((a^1234560 % k) * (a^7 % k)) % k = ((a^123456 % k)^10 % k * (a^7 % k)) % k.
Suppose f(a, b) cauclates (a ^ b) % k, then
f(a, 1234567) = f(a, 1234560) * f(a, 7) % k = f(f(a, 123456),10) * f(a,7)%k.
Since the power here is an array, we’d better handle it digit by digit.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
class Solution {
const int base = 1337;
int powmod(int a, int k) //a^k mod 1337 where 0 <= k <= 10
{
a %= base;
int result = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i)
result = (result * a) % base;
return result;
}
public:
int superPow(int a, vector<int>& b) {
if (b.empty()) return 1;
int last_digit = b.back();
b.pop_back();
return powmod(superPow(a, b), 10) * powmod(a, last_digit) % base;
}
};